Europa Moon
Europa — moon of jupiter. Subsurface liquid water ocean (60-150 km deep) beneath 15-25 km ice shell. Water volume estimated ~3×10¹⁸ m³ — roughly 2× Earth's…
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| Parent planet | Jupiter |
|---|---|
| Diameter | 3,122 km |
| Orbital period | 3.551 days |
| Distance from parent | 671,100 km |
| Surface composition | Water ice, Hydrated salts, Clays |
| Resource potential | VERY HIGH |
Details
Subsurface liquid water ocean (60-150 km deep) beneath 15-25 km ice shell. Water volume estimated ~3×10¹⁸ m³ — roughly 2× Earth's ocean volume. Europa Clipper (launched Oct 2024, arrival April 2030) will perform 49 flybys to characterize ice shell, ocean composition, and geology. JUICE (ESA, arrival 2031) includes 2 Europa flybys. Hydrated sulfate salts (MgSO₄, Na₂SO₄) detected on surface suggest ocean-surface material exchange. Prime astrobiology target — tidal heating maintains liquid water and potential hydrothermal vents. ΔV from LEO ~12 km/s. Radiation environment: 5.4 Sv/day at surface (lethal), requiring heavy shielding.
在 15-25 公里厚冰壳之下存在液态水次表层海洋（深 60-150 公里）。估计水量约 3×10¹⁸ m³ — 约为地球海洋总水量的 2 倍。木卫二快船（2024年10月发射，2030年4月抵达）将执行 49 次飞掠，对冰壳、海洋成分和地质进行特征化研究。JUICE 任务（欧空局，2031 年抵达）包括 2 次木卫二飞掠。在表面探测到的水合硫酸盐（MgSO₄、Na₂SO₄）表明海洋与表面之间存在物质交换。是首要天体生物学目标 — 潮汐加热维持液态水及潜在的热液喷口。从近地轨道出发所需 ΔV 约 12 km/s。辐射环境恶劣：表面 5.4 Sv/天（致命剂量），需要重型屏蔽。
Sources / 数据来源
JPL Horizons / NASA NSSDCA / IAU MPC